In vitro studies include metabolic stability, P450 induction and inhibition, metabolic pathway identification, metabolite characterization, and other research items, involving animals such as rats, mice, rabbits, dogs, monkeys, etc.
Muridda provides comprehensive in vitro ADME, in vitro toxicity, and in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) services. We offer a full package of ADME and pharmacokinetic evaluation and optimization services to support clients’ needs from early drug discovery through regulatory submission. We can design and conduct in vivo and in vitro pharmacokinetic studies tailored to your requirements, enabling rapid assessment of DMPK properties and toxicity of drug candidates.
Muridda is committed to delivering high-quality services and data, enabling our clients to achieve a seamless transition from discovery to NDA submission.
In Vitro ADME Studies
We provide comprehensive and efficient in vitro ADMET screening services. All in vitro studies can be performed under either non-GLP or GLP conditions.
Physicochemical Properties of Drugs
- Solubility
- Octanol-water partition coefficient: LogD
- Protein binding
- Whole blood-plasma partitioning
- Chemical stability
Drug Absorption and Transporter Assays
- Intestinal absorption / Pgp binding assays: Caco-2 / PAMPA, bidirectional transport analysis, intestinal permeability, identification of Pgp substrates / inhibitors
- Transdermal absorption: animal skin, skin permeability
- Permeability assessment: PAMPA, Caco-2, MDCK
- Transporters: P-gp, BCRP, BSEP, MRP2, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, OCT1, OCT2, MATE1, MATE2
Distribution Studies
- Plasma protein binding determination, plasma stability test
- Plasma protein binding: plasma from various species, equilibrium dialysis / ultrafiltration, size exclusion (SHPLC, macromolecules), plasma drug stability, cross-species comparison
- Whole blood distribution: drug concentration analysis in different blood components (whole blood / plasma concentration ratio), blood drug stability
Drug Metabolism Studies
- Metabolite prediction, metabolite identification, metabolic pathway prediction and verification
- Metabolic phenotyping
- Liver microsomal metabolism assay
- CYP450 inhibition assay
- CYP450 induction assay
Cytochrome P450 Inhibition Assay
- Human liver microsomes and cDNA-expressed enzymes
- CYP isoforms: 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1 & 3A4
- Standard substrates, IC₅₀, Ki, time-dependent inhibition (TDI)
Cytochrome P450 Induction Assay
- Fresh liver tissue and human hepatocytes
- CYP isoenzymes: 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 3A4, etc.
Drug Metabolites
- Hepatocytes from various species
- Hepatic metabolic stability studies
- Metabolite identification and structural confirmation by LC-MS/MS
- Cross-species comparison
- Drug-drug interaction
- Transmembrane transport assays
In Vitro Toxicology
- Hepatotoxicity: general toxicity and toxicity mechanism evaluation
- Cardiotoxicity
- Genotoxicity